Gandhian Principles in the Indian Constitution – Inspired by Mahatma Gandhi’s Ideals
Introduction
The Gandhian principles in the Indian Constitution are inspired by Mahatma Gandhi’s vision of a self-sufficient, decentralized, and just society. These principles emphasize rural development, self-reliance, moral values, and social justice.
They are mainly reflected in the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP), especially in Articles 40, 43, and 46, which focus on village self-governance, labor welfare, and upliftment of weaker sections.
Key Gandhian Principles in the Indian Constitution
1. Article 40 – Organization of Village Panchayats
✔ The State shall take steps to organize village panchayats and empower them to function as self-governing units.
✔ This reflects Gandhi’s vision of Gram Swaraj (village self-rule), where villages are independent and capable of managing their own affairs.
Example: The 73rd Constitutional Amendment (1992) established the Panchayati Raj system, giving constitutional status to local self-governance.
2. Article 43 – Promotion of Cottage Industries
✔ The State shall promote cottage industries and small-scale industries, especially in rural areas.
✔ This supports self-reliance, rural employment, and economic growth in villages.
Example:
✔ Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) promotes traditional handicrafts and rural entrepreneurship.
✔ Government schemes like Mudra Yojana provide loans to small businesses and artisans.
3. Article 46 – Promotion of Education & Economic Interests of Weaker Sections
✔ The State shall promote the educational and economic interests of Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs), and other weaker sections of society.
✔ It also ensures protection from social injustice and exploitation.
Example:
✔ Reservation policies for SCs/STs/OBCs in education and government jobs.
✔ Post-Matric Scholarship Scheme for students from backward communities.
✔ Right to Education Act (2009) ensures free and compulsory education for children.
Other Gandhian Principles in the Constitution
✔ Article 47 – Prohibits the consumption of alcohol and harmful drugs to improve public health.
✔ Article 48 – Promotes the protection of cows and other cattle, in line with Gandhi’s emphasis on animal welfare.
✔ Article 39(b) & (c) – Ensures fair distribution of resources and prevents wealth concentration in a few hands.
Conclusion
The Gandhian principles in the Indian Constitution emphasize rural self-governance, economic self-reliance, and social justice. Articles 40, 43, and 46 play a vital role in promoting village empowerment, cottage industries, and upliftment of weaker sections.
Do you think Gandhi’s vision is still relevant today? Share your thoughts in the comments!
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